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Hamman's sign (rarely, Hammond's sign or Hammond's crunch) is a crunching, rasping sound, synchronous with the heartbeat, heard over the precordium in spontaneous mediastinal emphysema produced by the heart beating against air-filled tissues. It is named after Johns Hopkins clinician Louis Hamman, M.D. This sound is heard best over the left lateral position. It has been described as a series of precordial crackles that correlate with the heart beat and not the respirations. Also heard together with spontaneous pneumothorax; small and not a total lung collapse, on the left side. Sounds like bubbles hitting the inside of the chest. Can be felt/seen. ==Causes== Hamman's crunch is caused by pneumomediastinum or pneumopericardium, and is associated with tracheobronchial injury〔. 〕 due to trauma, medical procedures (e.g., bronchoscopy) or proximal pulmonary bleb rupture. It is commonly seen in Boerhaave syndrome. 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「Hamman's sign」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク
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